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Objective:To investigate the effect of liraglutide(LRG) on high glucose-induced oxidative stress injury in(H9c2) cardiomyocytes and its underlying mechanisms.Methods:A high glucose treatment was applied to H9c2 cells for 24 hours to establish an in vitro model of myocardial cell injury. Different concentrations of liraglutide(10, 100, 1000 nmol/L) were administered for intervention. Cell viability was evaluated using the CCK-8 assay, and changes in cell morphology were observed under an inverted microscope. After 24 hours of liraglutide(100 nmol/L) intervention following high glucose treatment, the levels of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), superoxide dismutase(SOD), and malondialdehyde(MDA) in the cell supernatant were measured. RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein levels of silent information regulator factor 1(SIRT1) and forkhead box protein O1(FOXO1). Western blotting was also used to assess the acetylation level of FOXO1 protein. Small interfering RNA(siRNA) technology was employed to silence SIRT1 in H9c2 cells to confirm its role in the study. Results:Compared to the control group, the high glucose group showed decreased cell viability, cell structure damage, increased levels of LDH and MDA in the cell supernatant, decreased SOD levels, aggravated oxidative stress, decreased SIRT1 expression, and increased acetylation level of FOXO1(all P<0.05). Compared to the high glucose group, liraglutide intervention resulted in increased cell viability, improved cardiac cell morphology, reduced oxidative stress levels, increased SIRT1 expression, and decreased acetylation level of FOXO1(all P<0.05). When SIRT1 was downregulated, the protective effects of liraglutide were weakened(all P<0.05). Conclusions:Liraglutide has a protective effect against high glucose-induced oxidative stress injury in H9c2 cells, which may be associated with the upregulation of SIRT1 expression.
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Objective:To explore the characteristics of intestinal flora in female patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with comorbid coronary heart disease.Methods:Female patients with T2DM from September 2019 to November 2020 were enrolled in this study and divided into 2 groups stratified by coronary heart disease: 22 patients with coronary heart disease(T2DM+ CHD group) and 49 patients with simple T2DM group(T2DM group). Thirty-one healthy females were selected as the normal control group(NC group). The abundance of intestinal flora, the difference in intestinal flora and its relationship with indicators such as glycosylated hemoglobin and fasting blood glucose was analyzed by the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR detection technology in the three groups.Results:The abundance of Prevotella in the T2DM group was lower, and Roseburia inulinivorans and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in the T2DM+ CHD group were lower, while Bacteroides and Enterococcus spp in the T2DM+ CHD group were higher compared with NC group, respectively( P<0.05). The abundance of Bacteroides and Enterococcus spp in the T2DM+ CHD group was lower than that in the T2DM group( P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that the abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Eubacterium rectale was negatively correlated with obesity while abundance of Bacteroides and Enterococcus spp was positively correlated with HbA 1C and fasting blood glucose. The abundance of Bacteroides was positively correlated with TCH and TG(all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that Bacteroides and Enterococcus spp were independent influencing factor of the development of female patients with T2DM and CHD. Conclusion:Female T2DM and T2DM with CHD had intestinal flora imbalance, which was related to a variety of glucose and lipid metabolism indicators, and might be closely related to the occurrence of T2DM and CHD. Bacteroides and Enterococcus spp were independent influencing factors of the development of female patients with T2DM and CHD. Regulating the intestinal flora can provide ideas for the prevention and treatment of T2DM with CHD in female.
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OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the level and significance of serum γ-glutamyl transferase-to-platelet ratio (GPR) and monocyte count to high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) in patients with essential hypertension (EH) and unstable angina (UA).@*METHODS@#A total of 218 patients with coronary angiography aged ≥60 years, who were admitted to the EH hospital of the Department of Cardiac Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, were selected from September 2018 to September 2019. They were divided into an EH+UA group (@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control group, patients in the EH+UA group and the EH group had higher body mass index (BMI), tyiglyceride (TG), GPR, and MHR, and lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (all @*CONCLUSIONS@#There is a correlation between GPR, MHR and EH combined with UA pectoris, and the combined detection of the two indicators has adjuvant diagnostic value for elderly EH combined with UA.
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Angina, Unstable , Cholesterol, HDL , Coronary Angiography , Essential Hypertension , Lipoproteins, HDL , MonocytesABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the correlation of the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase to platelet ratio(GPR)and monocyte count to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)ratio(MHR)with the severity of coronary artery disease in elderly patients with essential hypertension(EH)combined with unstable angina pectoris(UA).Methods:A total of 218 EH patients aged 60 years and over undergoing coronary arteriography admitted to cardiology department of our hospital were enrolled from September 2018 to September 2019.They were divided into the EH plus UA group(n=113)and the simple EH group(n=105)according to whether UA was combined.In addition, 106 patients with normal coronary angiography who were suspected with coronary heart disease were selected as the healthy group.General data of patients between three groups were compared.Severity of coronary artery disease was evaluated using a Gensini score.The correlation of GPR and MHR with coronary Gensini scores was analyzed in the EH plus UA group.Patients in the EH plus UA group were sub-grouped into the single-, double- and triple-vessel disease groups according to the number of disease branches.Differences in coronary Gensini scores, GPR and MHR were compared among subgroups.A receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to evaluate the auxiliary diagnostic efficacy of GPR, MHR and the combined GPR and MHR in the EH plus UA group.Results:Compared with the healthy group, both EH plus UA group and EH group showed that the BMI(25.8±3.4 kg/m 2, 25.4±3.6 kg/m 2vs.24.2±2.3 kg/m 2), triglyceride(1.9±1.2, 2.0±1.2 vs.1.5±1.1 mmol/L), and MHR(6.6±1.4, 5.8±1.7 vs.4.9±1.7)were increased, and the HDL-C(1.1±0.2 mmol/L, 1.1±0.3 mmol/L vs.1.3±0.3 mmol/L)were reduced( P<0.05), and only EH plus UA group showed that white blood cells(6.7±1.5×10 9/L vs.6.1±1.8×10 9/L), LDL-C(2.3±0.6 mmol/L vs.2.1±0.6 mmol/L)and GPR(0.3±0.1 vs.0.2±0.1)were higher than in the healthy group( P<0.05). Compared with the EH group, the EH plus UA group showed that the GPR(0.3±0.1 vs.0.2±0.1), and MHR(6.6±1.4 vs.5.8±1.7)were increased( P<0.05). The correlation analysis showed that the levels of GPR and MHR were positively correlated with Gensini scores in the EH plus UA group( r=0.537, 0.333, P<0.05), and the correlation was better along with the increased number of diseased branches( P<0.05). The ROC curve analysis showed that GPR had a high specificity and positive predictive value with the specificity of 68.9% and the area under the ROC curve( AUC)of 0.842, while MHR had a high sensitivity with the sensitivity of 92.9%.The combined detection of GPR and MHR had a higher specificity and positive predictive value with a specificity of 84.0% and the AUC of 0.871. Conclusions:The increase of GPR and MHR can be used as a marker to assist the diagnosis of EH combined with UA, and to assess the severity of coronary artery disease in the elderly.